ECB Executive Board member Kocher said the euro-area economy remains fragile.

Canadian prime minister Carney said he has considered the 'extreme tail risk' of U.S. military action and is pursuing economic and strategic diversification to reduce dependence on the United States, including cutting reliance on SpaceX satellite broadband. He expects Trump-era policies to increase demand for dollar alternatives and said a multipolar reserve-currency system would offer more flexibility. Carney added a U.S. invasion is not the baseline scenario but that failing to prepare would be irresponsible, describing such planning as risk management.

At a Sept. 24 afternoon regular briefing, Ministry of Defense spokesman Jiang Bin said a China Coast Guard vessel Sanzhou'ao was conducting lawful rights-protection law-enforcement operations near Xianbin Reef in the Nansha (Spratly) Islands when Philippine government vessel 3015 ignored repeated warnings, altered course and accelerated to cut across the CCG ship’s bow, causing a scrape. The ministry said evidence is clear, called the Philippine manoeuvre a deliberate, dangerous provocation that endangered Chinese personnel and vessels and breached international law and basic norms, and accused the Philippines of spreading a false victim narrative. China said it will continue to take effective measures to firmly defend territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and to safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea.