A persistent El Niño and extreme weather are disrupting major coffee-producing regions, posing a material test for the global coffee supply chain. Brazil's southeast has experienced abnormal rainfall and heat; farmers and industry warn the 2027 harvest will face both lower volumes and downgraded quality. A local coffee cooperative CEO, Bernardo, says markets are already on alert and 2027 national output forecasts have been revised down, with overall production expected below prior estimates.