Turkey's presidential office said President Erdogan spoke by phone with US President Trump to discuss regional and global developments.

Andrei Babkin, deputy commander of the cosmonaut detachment at Russia’s space corporation, said a nuclear power plant on the Moon is a prerequisite for further exploration, including crewed missions, adding “without such a plant, further lunar exploration is simply impossible.” He cited the ~14-Earth-day lunar night and extreme cold as reasons nuclear is the only reliable, safe power solution. Rosatom chief Alexey Likhachev has said Russia plans to build its first lunar nuclear power plant by the mid-2030s.

Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps navy said two oil tankers struck mines and caught fire in the Strait of Hormuz after attempting to transit via unauthorized channels and disabling navigation and positioning systems. The IRGC said the vessels, located in the eastern strait and inside the channel, had repeatedly violated regulations; both exploded and remain ablaze. The statement warned that any vessel cooperating with the US and entering Iran's restricted zone would be at risk of striking mines.