A European Commission spokesperson said the EU expects the United States to fulfill its obligations under the EU–US trade agreement.

Italy's Prime Minister Meloni said that if Italy increases defense investment, those investments must remain in Italy.

Trump said a ceasefire with Iran was over, sending oil prices sharply higher and knocking European banks, energy and defense stocks lower. Stoxx Europe 600 fell 1.3%. Germany's DAX dropped 1.9% — Rheinmetall -5.1%, Deutsche Bank -4.3%. France's CAC 40 slipped 2.0% — Renault and Societe Generale down ~4.3% each. UK's FTSE 100 lost 1.3%; Babcock International -4.3%. Spain's IBEX 35 led regional weakness after Trump said he did not want trade with Spain. Italy's FTSE MIB fell 1.25%; the Netherlands' AEX was down 0.3%.